Your story is as multifaceted as it is complex, reaching back to the year 1911, the beginning of construction determined by hope and optimism. What has followed to this day has been wanton destruction, vacancy, reconstruction, and a triple realignment.
From one of the largest and most beautiful synagogues in Germany, a ruin emerged in 1938; the National Socialists had set the Essen house of worship ablaze during the Reich Night of Broken Glass from November 9 to 10. However, the steadfast walls could not be demolished by the authorities, as surrounding houses would have been damaged in an explosion. It also survived World War II almost unscathed. In 1959, the city of Essen purchased the building to establish a museum for industrial design within it – a timeless space that housed various exhibits from mass production until 1979. From 1980, the former synagogue developed into a political-historical documentation forum and a memorial, ultimately becoming between 2008 and 2010 what it is today: A house of Jewish culture.
Almost 30,000 visitors per year explore the historic building, which is located in the middle of downtown Essen next to the town hall. First, they look at the large window with the Menorah symbol, which is integrated high into the wall above the guests' heads. Then, as they slowly approach the monument, they notice the roofs with green patina, the two tablets of the Ten Commandments, and the medallion with the hands of a blessing priest (Cohen symbol). A short flight of stairs leads them to many "wow" moments inside.
Inside, the comprehensive permanent exhibition showcases three levels with five areas on Judaism that leave hardly any questions unanswered: sources of Jewish traditions, Jewish festivals, Jewish "Way of Life," the history of the house, and the history of the Jewish community of Essen are the topics. Photos and models from over 100 years reflect the multifaceted Jewish life on site and the development of the Essen architectural work. Highlights of the collection include a handful of colorful mosaic stones that were salvaged by a girl from the synagogue ruins in 1938, as well as two huge gears that contrast the Christian and Jewish years. Interactive stations bring historical moments to life. Ritual and everyday items also testify to customs, practices, and beliefs.
Were all knowledge gaps closed? Then it is still worth coming back. The colorful program with 30 to 40 events per year ranges from symposiums to concerts and readings. Themed tours through the permanent exhibition are also available. The city of Essen not only offers the opportunity to encounter Jewish culture and religion anew. Travelers can also approach the Christian traditions of faith through one of the most significant collections of ecclesiastical artworks in Germany. The cathedral treasury offers a great deal to see, from processional crosses to golden crowns to ceremonial swords. The greatest treasure is the Golden Madonna from the year 980, the oldest round sculpture of Mary in the world.
